What Are STDs?
STDs result from bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasitic infections that individuals transfer to each other from engaging in certain forms of sexual acts such as sexual intercourse, but sometimes through various means such as using the same drug injecting needles and passing it directly from mother-to-baby.
- STDs & Common Types - They are caused by four groups of disease-causing microbes; bacteria Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, syphilis, viruses -human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, genital herpes, or liver viruses - hepatitis B -, parasites Trichomoniasis scabies, Pubic lice, Fungus Yeast infection.
- Skin Manifestations of STDs - Most of the STDs present with visible alterations in the skin that are considered important pointers for early diagnosis. These symptoms include sores ulcers and rashes.
- Sores and Ulcers - Syphilis and genital herpes often present as painless or painful sores on the genitals or mouth.
- Rashes - HIV and secondary syphilis can cause widespread rashes, sometimes involving the palms and soles.
- Warts and Growths - HPV can cause genital warts, which are flesh-coloured growths in the genital or anal region.
- Itching and Redness - Scabies and pubic lice frequently cause intense itching and redness in the affected region.
STD Diagnosis & Treatment
Thorough Diagnosis
At Dermavision - The Skin Clinic, correct diagnosis is the foundation of successful treatment. Some of the methods used for diagnosis are:-
- Physical Examination - Visible signs like rashes, sores, or warts are identified.
- Laboratory Tests - Blood tests, urine tests, and swabs from the affected area help identify the specific pathogen.
- Skin Biopsy - In cases where a definitive diagnosis is challenging, a biopsy of the affected skin may be performed.
STDs Treatment Options
The treatment plan depends on the type of STD diagnosed:-
- Antibiotics - Bacterial infections like syphilis, Gonorrhoea, and Chlamydia respond well to antibiotic therapy. Early treatment ensures complete recovery.
- Antiviral Drugs - Herpes, HIV, and hepatitis B all require antiviral drugs. Although these cannot be cured, treatment does reduce viral load and subsequent transmission.
- Local & Systemic Therapy - There are treatments to deal with the issue of HPV warts or fungal infection through medicated creams or antifungal systemic agents.
- Lesions removal - Other techniques may include cryotherapy, laser therapy, or minor surgical procedures for wart or growth removal caused by human papillomavirus.
